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README.md
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README.md
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# libvirt/virt-install
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## Prerequisites
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`libvirt`, `qemu`, `virt-install`
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On archlinux:
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```bash
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pacman -S virt-install libvirt qemu-desktop
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pacman -S virt-manager # optional, graphical interface to libvirt
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pacman -S qemu-emulators-full # optional, provides extra architectures emulation for qemu
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systemctl enable libvirtd.socket # socket activation
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```
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## Installing VMs
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### Archlinux
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```bash
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curl -O "https://mirror.checkdomain.de/archlinux/iso/2022.05.01/archlinux-2022.05.01-x86_64.iso"
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virt-install --name archlinux \
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--memory 2048 \
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--vcpus=2,maxvcpus=4 --cpu host \
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--cdrom archlinux-2022.05.01-x86_64.iso \
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--disk size=4,format=qcow2 \
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--network user \
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--virt-type kvm \
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--console pty,target_type=virtio \
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--nographics
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```
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Follow the installation procedure. Edit the kernel cmdline and a serial console before rebooting otherwise the `virsh` serial console won't work:
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In `/etc/default/grub`, add to the following to `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX` along with any other cmdline flags you require
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```
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GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200 # and any other flags
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```
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Update grub:
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```bash
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grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
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```
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### Nixos
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```bash
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curl -O "https://channels.nixos.org/nixos-21.11/latest-nixos-minimal-x86_64-linux.iso"
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virt-install --name nixos \
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--memory 2048 \
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--vcpus=2,maxvcpus=4 \
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--cpu host \
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--cdrom latest-nixos-minimal-x86_64-linux.iso \
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--disk size=4,format=qcow2 \
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--network user \
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--virt-type kvm \
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--console pty,target_type=virtio \
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--nographics
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```
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Follow the installation procedure, adding the following to `/etc/nixos/configuration.nix`, otherwise the `virsh` serial console won't work
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```
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boot.kernelParams = [
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"console=ttyS0,115200"
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"console=tty1"
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];
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```
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### Ubuntu 21.10 (focal)
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```bash
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virt-install --name ubuntu-focal \
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--memory 2048 \
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--vcpus=2,maxvcpus=4 \
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--cpu host \
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--pxe \
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--disk size=4,format=qcow2 \
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--network user \
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--virt-type kvm \
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--nographics \
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--osinfo ubuntufocal \
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--extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200" \
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--location http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/focal/main/installer-amd64/
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```
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## Other OSs
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You can list other supported Operating Systems using
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```bash
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virt-install --osinfo list
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# More info about available OSs
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osinfo-query os
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```
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### Note about serial consoles
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In order for the virsh serial console to work, these kernel cmdline options have to be provided
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```
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console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200
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```
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## Usage
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```bash
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# list all available domains (running and stopped)
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virsh list --all
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# Start a domain ("archlinux")
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virsh start archlinux
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# Connect to the serial console
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virsh console archlinux
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# Destroy (destop) a domain ("archlinux")
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virsh destroy archlinux
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# Remove a domain
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virsh undefine archlinux # disks will **not** be removed
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# Edit a domain
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virsh edit archlinux
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# Get information about network configuration
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virsh domifaddr archlinux
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```
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### Note about serial consoles
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Serial consoles might not work out of the box, so it might be required to edit the domain definition to add a serial console:
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```bash
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virsh edit <domain>
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```
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then add a pty console:
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```xml
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<console type='pty'>
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<target type='virtio' port='0'/>
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</console>
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```
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Also see notes about serial consoles above.
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